The condition characterized by chronic high blood sugar levels is known as diabetes mellitus. This metabolic disorder occurs when the body cannot effectively use insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar. It can lead to various complications, such as nerve damage, kidney problems, and cardiovascular disease. There are different types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes, each requiring specific management strategies. Continuous monitoring and tailored treatment plans are essential to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications.