The dietary component often limited in a ketogenic diet is carbohydrates. This high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet aims to induce a state of ketosis, where the body shifts its primary energy source from glucose to fat. By significantly reducing carbohydrate intake, individuals can improve fat oxidation and may experience benefits like weight loss and improved blood sugar control. However, this restriction can lead to nutritional deficiencies if not carefully planned, emphasizing the importance of monitoring nutrient intake and ensuring an overall balanced diet.