Body fat percentage is a measure of the proportion of fat to total body weight, expressed as a percentage. It is an important health metric because it provides insight into body composition and overall health risks. Unlike BMI, which only considers weight and height, body fat percentage offers a more accurate representation of fat mass versus lean mass. High body fat percentages can indicate increased risks for obesity-related conditions, while low percentages may signify insufficient fat for healthy functioning. Monitoring this percentage helps guide fitness and health decisions.