The term for an eating disorder characterized by extreme restriction of food is anorexia nervosa. This disorder is marked by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, leading individuals to eat very little and engage in excessive exercise or other behaviors to lose weight. Anorexia can have serious physical and psychological effects, including malnutrition, bone density loss, and heart complications. Early intervention and comprehensive treatment are crucial for recovery, involving medical, nutritional, and psychological support to address the underlying issues of the disorder.