Vital nutrients during pregnancy include folic acid, iron, calcium, and protein. Folic acid is crucial for preventing neural tube defects in the developing fetus, while iron supports increased blood volume and prevents anemia in expectant mothers. Calcium is essential for the healthy development of bones and teeth, and protein plays a significant role in fetal growth and tissue formation. It's important for pregnant women to ensure they obtain these nutrients through a well-balanced diet, possibly supplemented as needed. Access to proper nutrition is key for the health of both mother and baby during this critical period.