Key minerals that are important for muscle contraction include calcium, magnesium, and potassium. Calcium plays a crucial role in the muscle contraction process by initiating the interaction between actin and myosin, the contractile proteins. Magnesium helps regulate calcium levels and is essential for muscle relaxation after contraction. Potassium is vital for maintaining normal cellular function and electrical balance, facilitating proper muscle function. Insufficient intake of these minerals can lead to muscle cramps and impair overall physical performance.