The ancient site in Iraq believed to be one of the earliest cities in history is Ur. Ur was a prominent Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, known for its advanced civilization, including remarkable architectural achievements, such as the Ziggurat of Ur. Established around 4000 BCE, it was a center of trade, culture, and governance. Ur played a significant role in the development of writing, mathematics, and the arts. Its archaeological findings, including artifacts and royal graves, provide valuable insights into early human society and urbanization, highlighting the sophistication of ancient civilizations in the region.