The famous archaeological site in Peru built by the Incas is Machu Picchu. This 15th-century Incan citadel is located high in the Andes Mountains and is renowned for its sophisticated dry-stone construction, terraced agriculture, and breathtaking scenery. Believed to have been constructed for the Inca emperor Pachacuti, Machu Picchu served as a royal estate and has become a symbol of Incan culture and achievement. Rediscovered in 1911 by archaeologist Hiram Bingham, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts millions of tourists each year. The site is considered an iconic representation of pre-Columbian civilization and highlights the ingenuity of the Inca civilization.