The influential literary work that inspired the Russian Revolution was "The Communist Manifesto," published in 1848 by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. This seminal text outlined the principles of Marxism, critiqued capitalism, and called for the proletariat to rise against the bourgeoisie. It provided a philosophical and analytical framework that resonated with the working class and intellectuals in Russia, leading to revolutionary fervor. The ideas expressed in the manifesto helped galvanize the Bolshevik movement, ultimately culminating in the 1917 October Revolution, which overthrew the czarist regime and established a communist government.