The major political ideology that emerged as a direct result of the Russian Revolution in 1917 was Communism. Spearheaded by leaders like Lenin, this ideology rejected capitalism and promoted the idea of a classless society where the means of production were controlled by the state. The revolution inspired numerous communist movements globally, leading to the establishment of the Soviet Union as a significant political entity. This shift dramatically influenced global politics, contributing to the Cold War tensions between capitalist and communist countries, and fostering a rethinking of social and economic systems worldwide.