A major technological advancement during the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine, significantly enhancing productivity and transforming transportation. Invented in its practical form by James Watt in the late 18th century, the steam engine enabled factories to mechanize production processes and enhanced the efficiency of transportation systems, such as railroads and steamships. This innovation facilitated the movement of goods and people over vast distances, contributing to urbanization and the rapid expansion of industries. The steam engine not only revolutionized manufacturing but also laid the groundwork for future technological advancements, shaping modern society and economies worldwide.