The Fifth Amendment in the U.S. Constitution guarantees several essential rights, primarily focusing on legal protections. It states that no person shall be compelled to witness against themselves, thereby ensuring the right against self-incrimination. The amendment also establishes the right to due process, meaning no individual can be deprived of life, liberty, or property without fair legal procedures. Additionally, it includes protections against double jeopardy, preventing anyone from being tried twice for the same offense, and ensures just compensation for property taken under eminent domain. Altogether, these rights are foundational to the American legal system.