The U.S. played a pivotal role during the Gulf War by leading a coalition of forces to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi occupation. The conflict began in August 1990 when Iraq, under Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait. In response, President George H.W. Bush assembled a wide-ranging coalition, including NATO allies and several Middle Eastern nations. Operation Desert Shield was initiated for defense, followed by Operation Desert Storm in January 1991, which swiftly dismantled Iraqi military forces. The U.S. military's advanced technology and strategic planning were instrumental in achieving a decisive victory, marking a significant moment in U.S. foreign policy and military engagement in the Middle East.