The social policy aimed at promoting racial equality and desegregation in the United States was primarily embodied in the Civil Rights Movement, which gained momentum in the mid-20th century. Landmark events, such as the 1954 Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education, declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, challenging institutionalized racism. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 were pivotal legislative achievements aimed at ending discrimination and ensuring equal rights for African Americans. This movement was characterized by nonviolent protests, organized by leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr., and profoundly transformed American society.