After the fall of the monarchy, the government established in Rome was known as the Roman Republic. This political system emerged in 509 BC when the last king, Tarquin the Proud, was overthrown. The Republic was characterized by a system of elected officials, including Senators and Consuls, representing the interests of the patricians and plebeians. The Roman Republic allowed for greater citizen participation in governance, even though power was often concentrated among the elite. It laid the groundwork for Roman law and politics, influencing governmental structures in various societies throughout history.