A major consequence of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 was the establishment of the Soviet Union and the end of centuries of Tsarist rule. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the provisional government, leading to a civil war between the Red Army (Bolsheviks) and the White Army (anti-Bolsheviks). The revolution led to the implementation of communist policies and significant social, political, and economic transformations in Russia. It sparked international communist movements and reshaped global politics, impacting the 20th century profoundly through the rise of totalitarian regimes and the Cold War dynamics.