John Locke significantly influenced political philosophy during the Enlightenment by advocating for natural rights—life, liberty, and property. His ideas challenged the divine right of kings and argued that government should be based on the consent of the governed. In his works, notably "Two Treatises of Government," Locke asserted that individuals have the right to revolt against tyrannical governments, laying the groundwork for modern democracy and liberal thought. His principles shaped the ideas of the American Revolution and the development of constitutional governments, emphasizing the importance of individual rights and a social contract between the people and their rulers.