The major discovery that greatly influenced the Islamic Golden Age was the development of algebra, primarily attributed to the mathematician Al-Khwarizmi in the 9th century. His work introduced systematic solving of linear and quadratic equations and laid the foundation for what would later evolve into modern algebra. Al-Khwarizmi’s treatises not only provided methods for mathematical calculations but also translated and preserved numerous ancient texts, facilitating the exchange of knowledge across cultures. This period saw remarkable advancements in various fields, including mathematics, medicine, astronomy, and philosophy, as scholars contributed to a flourishing intellectual environment that influenced future generations in both the East and West.