The primary purpose of the Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitution was to protect individual liberties and limit government power. Ratified in 1791, the first ten amendments were introduced to address concerns that the original Constitution did not sufficiently safeguard citizens' rights. These amendments guarantee essential freedoms, including freedom of speech, religion, assembly, the right to bear arms, and protection against unreasonable searches and seizures. The Bill of Rights serves as a fundamental framework for American democracy, ensuring that citizens have clear protections against government overreach and reinforcing principles of equality and justice in society.