The prime motivation for the colonization of Africa in the 19th century was driven largely by economic interests, particularly the demand for raw materials and new markets. European powers sought to exploit Africa's abundant natural resources, including minerals, rubber, and agricultural products. The Industrial Revolution heightened the need for these resources to fuel manufacturing and economic growth in Europe. Additionally, competition among European nations for territorial expansion and national prestige spurred the "Scramble for Africa," where multiple countries raced to establish colonies, often disregarding the rights and cultures of indigenous populations, leading to profound and lasting consequences.