The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, brought transformative contributions to society and the economy. Major advancements included the shift from agrarian economies to industrialized ones, marked by technologies like the steam engine and mechanized textile production. It facilitated urbanization, as people migrated to cities for factory work. Transportation improvements, like railroads and steamships, increased trade efficiency and connected markets. The era also paved the way for significant social changes, including labor rights movements and the rise of the working class. Overall, the Industrial Revolution fundamentally reshaped production, society, and daily life, fostering innovation and economic growth.