The ancient civilization that built the Colosseum in Rome was the Roman Empire. Completed in AD 80 under the emperor Vespasian, this iconic structure was an architectural marvel symbolizing the power and grandeur of Rome. The Colosseum was primarily used for gladiatorial games and public spectacles, drawing large crowds and showcasing the might of the empire. As a vital center for entertainment, it reflected the cultural and social life of Romans while serving as a reminder of their engineering prowess. Today, the Colosseum stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of ancient Rome.