The ancient civilization known for its philosophical contributions, such as democracy, is ancient Greece. Particularly in the city-state of Athens, democracy emerged as a system of governance in which citizens participated directly in decision-making. This political innovation allowed for collective discussion and policy-making, laying the groundwork for modern democratic practices. Philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle emerged during this period, further enriching the intellectual landscape with inquiries into ethics, metaphysics, and governance. Their ideas profoundly influenced Western thought, ethics, and political theory. Ancient Greece's contributions to philosophy, arts, and science continue to resonate, marking it as a pivotal foundation for Western civilization.