The regime known for the horrors of the Cambodian genocide is the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot from 1975 to 1979. This far-left communist movement aimed to transform Cambodia into a socialist agrarian society, resulting in extreme social engineering and widespread atrocities. The Khmer Rouge targeted intellectuals, ethnic minorities, and perceived political enemies, leading to the deaths of approximately two million people through forced labor, starvation, and executions. This brutal regime's efforts to eliminate urban culture and establish a radical agrarian society profoundly scarred the Cambodian population and left a lasting impact on the nation's history, memory, and identity.