Peter the Great is the Russian Tsar famous for westernizing Russia during the 18th century. Reigning from 1682 until 1725, Peter sought to modernize the Russian state by adopting European technology, culture, and administrative practices. He implemented sweeping reforms, including changes in the military, education, and government structures. Peter established Saint Petersburg, which became the new capital, reflecting his vision of a "window to the West." His efforts to assimilate Western customs into Russian society had long-lasting effects, significantly altering Russia's trajectory, contributing to its emergence as a major European power.