The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848, is a significant historical text. This pamphlet outlines the principles of Marxism, advocating for class struggle and the abolition of bourgeois property rights. It critiques capitalism, arguing that it leads to the exploitation of workers (the proletariat) by the ruling class (the bourgeoisie). The text emphasizes the need for proletarian revolution to establish a classless society where resources are distributed equitably among all. The Communist Manifesto has profoundly influenced political thought and movements worldwide, serving as a foundational document for various socialist and communist ideologies and movements.