The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 was led by Vladimir Lenin. This revolution marked the overthrow of the provisional government established after the February Revolution. The Bolsheviks, a faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, sought a radical socialist transformation of society. They gained support among workers and soldiers, capitalizing on widespread discontent due to economic hardships and ongoing involvement in World War I. Lenin's leadership, along with key figures like Leon Trotsky, facilitated their rise to power, leading to the establishment of a Communist government and the eventual Russian Civil War.