The famous general known for his campaigns in Gaul is Julius Caesar. He was a Roman military leader and statesman who played a crucial role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. Between 58 BC and 50 BC, Caesar conducted a series of military campaigns known as the Gallic Wars, during which he expanded Roman territory significantly and recorded his experiences in a work called "Commentarii de Bello Gallico." His conquests established him as a key figure in Roman history, leading to significant political changes in Rome.