The famous queen of ancient Egypt associated with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony was Cleopatra VII. Reigning from 51 to 30 BCE, Cleopatra was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and is known for her political acumen, intelligence, and efforts to protect Egypt's independence. Her relationships with Roman leaders Julius Caesar and later Mark Antony were strategic alliances designed to bolster her power and secure Egypt's stability amid Roman expansion. Cleopatra's reign is marked by her attempts to restore Egypt's former glory, and her life has become legendary, often romanticized in literature and popular culture, symbolizing beauty and intrigue.