The historian known for his work on the Punic Wars is Polybius, an ancient Greek historian who lived from around 200 to 118 BCE. Polybius is best known for his comprehensive account of the rise of the Roman Republic and its conflicts with Carthage during the Punic Wars, particularly the Second Punic War. His work, "The Histories," provides valuable insights into Roman military tactics, political structures, and the social context of the time. Polybius emphasizes the importance of understanding historical events within their broader context, contributing significantly to the study of history and historiography.