The creature commonly depicted with a lion's body and a human head in Egyptian mythology is the sphinx. This iconic representation symbolizes strength and protection, often placed at the entrances of temples and tombs. The sphinx, as a guardian, is known for its intricate connection to the divine and the afterlife, embodying the duality of human intelligence and animalistic power. Throughout history, the sphinx has fascinated both ancient Egyptians and modern audiences, making it an enduring symbol of mystery and enigma in mythology.