In Sumerian mythology, the major gods symbolize various forces of nature and human endeavors. Deities such as Anu, Enlil, and Inanna represent elements like the sky, wind, and love, respectively, connecting divine attributes to natural phenomena. These gods serve as embodiments of societal values, influencing aspects of life ranging from agriculture to governance. Their stories and interactions illustrate the relationship between humans and the divine, reflecting the culture's understanding of existence and the importance placed on maintaining favor with these powerful beings.