The hero who overcame the Minotaur in Greek mythology is Theseus. Armed with cleverness and courage, Theseus navigated the labyrinth designed by Daedalus to confront the half-man, half-bull creature. His victory symbolizes the triumph of human intellect and bravery over physical monstrosity, establishing Theseus as a quintessential hero in Greek lore, associated with the founding myths of Athens.