The significance of the Trojan War in Greek mythology lies in its portrayal of heroism, betrayal, and the consequences of pride. This conflict not only leads to the downfall of Troy but also brings forth iconic characters like Achilles and Hector, whose actions embody the complexities of honor and duty. The war serves as a backdrop for exploring human emotions and ethical dilemmas, reinforcing the meaning of loyalty, sacrifice, and the tragic fate that often accompanies grand ambitions.