Interest groups significantly affect legislative outcomes by lobbying policymakers and advocating for specific interests or issues. These groups mobilize resources to influence decision-makers and shape public policy in their favor, often employing strategies such as campaign contributions, grassroots mobilization, and information dissemination. Their ability to present research, data, and expert testimony can provide critical insights that sway legislative priorities. Moreover, the presence of organized interest groups can also lead to increased competition among interests, enhancing democratic engagement and representation. Thus, understanding the role of interest groups is essential for appreciating the complexities of the legislative process.