Political institutions evolve over time through processes of adaptation, reform, and change. External factors such as socio-economic transformations, shifts in public opinion, and technological advancements prompt institutions to adjust their functions and structures. Institutional evolution may be gradual, driven by ongoing reforms, or rapid, in response to crises or significant social movements. Additionally, the interactions between various political actors, including politicians, civil society, and the electorate, influence institutional development. Understanding these dynamics is essential for analyzing how institutions respond to changing demands and maintain their relevance in contemporary politics.