Primaries differ from caucuses in the electoral process by the method through which voters express their preferences for candidates. Primaries are typically direct elections where voters cast ballots in secret, whereas caucuses are more public forums where party members gather to discuss and support particular candidates. Caucuses often involve discussions and negotiations, making them more time-consuming and complex. Both processes serve to select delegates for the party’s national convention, but their structures significantly impact voter participation and engagement in the electoral process.