State and local governments differ from the federal government in structure, jurisdiction, and powers. While the federal government is responsible for national defense, immigration, and foreign affairs, state and local governments focus on regional matters such as education, transportation, and public safety. Additionally, the federal government operates under a constitution that delineates its powers, whereas state governments have their own constitutions, providing flexibility in governance. Local governments, such as counties and municipalities, further address community-specific needs, emphasizing the importance of local decision-making within the larger political framework.