Globalization challenges traditional political boundaries by facilitating the movement of goods, people, and ideas across nations. As economies become more interconnected, states face pressures to adapt their policies to accommodate global markets, often undermining sovereignty. Issues like climate change, trade agreements, and international terrorism erode the effectiveness of national borders. Additionally, globalization invites the rise of global governance institutions, which complicates local political dynamics. As cultures blend and interdependence increases, countries must navigate these challenges to maintain political coherence and social stability.