The judiciary maintains checks on political power through the concept of judicial review, assessing the constitutionality of laws and actions taken by the executive and legislative branches. This process ensures that no branch exceeds its authority or infringes on individual rights. Courts can overturn unjust laws and provide a mechanism for citizens to challenge government actions. By enforcing separation of powers, the judiciary safeguards against tyranny and maintains the rule of law, promoting accountability in governance and protecting the democratic process.