Political reform movements face challenges such as **institutional resistance**, public apathy, and inadequate resources. Established interests may oppose reforms that threaten their power or influence, making it difficult for activists to gain traction. Additionally, the complexity of political systems can lead to **bureaucratic hurdles**, impeding implementation. Mobilizing broad public support is crucial to overcome these barriers; however, public fatigue or distrust in government can hinder engagement. Effective communication, coalition-building, and strategic activism are essential for driving successful reform initiatives in the face of these obstacles.