The challenges of international cooperation in policy-making are manifold, often hindered by differing national priorities, cultural values, and political ideologies. States may struggle to align their interests, particularly when addressing global issues like climate change, trade, or security. Additionally, international agencies may encounter resistance from domestic political entities that prioritize national versus global interests. The complexities of multilateral negotiations can result in compromises that echo power imbalances among nations, complicating collaborative efforts. To achieve effective international policy-making, nations must navigate these challenges constructively, fostering dialogue and cooperation while addressing their diverse interests.