A bicameral legislature is characterized by its division into two distinct chambers, typically referred to as the upper and lower houses. This structure allows for a more thorough examination and debate of proposed legislation, as each chamber can provide unique perspectives on policy issues. The two houses may have differing powers, responsibilities, and methods of election, which can include representation based on population or equal representation for regions. The bicameral system aims to balance interests, enhance deliberation, and prevent hasty legislation through checks and balances.