Unilateralism in foreign policy refers to a state's decision to act independently without consulting other nations, emphasizing national interests first. In contrast, multilateralism involves engaging in collective decision-making through international alliances and agreements. While unilateral actions can lead to swift decision-making, they risk isolation and can provoke backlash from other countries. Conversely, multilateral approaches foster cooperation but may slow down response times due to negotiation processes. Both strategies carry significant implications for a nation’s international relations and diplomatic efficacy.