Globalization challenges traditional political structures by diminishing the sovereignty of nation-states and increasing interdependence among countries. The flow of goods, ideas, and information across borders can undermine local policies and disrupt established power dynamics. Additionally, global issues like climate change, migration, and terrorism necessitate collaborative responses that transcend national boundaries. This interconnectedness pressures governments to adapt and rethink their roles, paving the way for transnational governance and influencing domestic political debates about identity, security, and economic policy.