Judicial activism refers to the practice where courts play an active role in shaping policy decisions, often by interpreting the constitution in a broad manner. This can lead to significant changes in governance and social policy, as courts may prioritize individual rights and social justice over legislative intent. While proponents argue that judicial activism can protect marginalized groups, critics contend it undermines democratic principles by allowing unelected judges to influence policy. The implications of judicial activism raise questions about the separation of powers and the legitimacy of judicial intervention.