The key principles of liberal democracy include individual rights, rule of law, free and fair elections, and the separation of powers. This framework emphasizes the protection of individual freedoms, ensuring that all citizens have equal standing under the law. Political pluralism allows multiple parties to compete, contributing to a vibrant political discourse. Additionally, liberal democracies prioritize transparency and accountability in governance, promoting civic participation and safeguarding against authoritarianism. These principles foster a political environment that encourages both stability and active civic engagement.