The main tasks of a head of state include representing the nation, executing domestic and foreign policies, and upholding the constitution. Heads of state often participate in ceremonial functions, act as the face of the government, and may play an essential role in guiding national identity. They are responsible for making critical decisions, often involving foreign relations, security, and legislation. In parliamentary systems, their role may be more symbolic, while in presidential systems, they hold substantial executive power. Thus, the head of state is pivotal for both governance and national unity.