The major types of electoral systems used around the world include first-past-the-post, proportional representation, and mixed systems. In first-past-the-post, the candidate with the most votes wins, often leading to single-party governance. Proportional representation aims to reflect the diversity of voter preferences, allocating seats based on the percentage of votes each party receives. Mixed systems combine elements of both, balancing direct representation with party proportionality. Each system influences party dynamics, voter turnout, and overall democratic representation in different ways.