"State capacity" refers to the ability of a government to effectively implement policies, maintain order, and provide public services. It encompasses administrative efficiency, financial resources, and institutional strength. A state with high capacity can effectively regulate society, ensure compliance with laws, and respond to citizen needs, thereby fostering stability and resilience. Low state capacity, on the other hand, can result in ineffective governance, corruption, and a lack of trust among citizens. As governments face complex challenges, strengthening state capacity becomes essential for achieving long-term development goals and promoting social welfare.